It was in the 20th century that psychology changed significantly as a school of thought known as behaviorism started becoming dominant. This school of thought was completely different from all the other perspectives that were present.
Behaviorism did not bother with the conscious and unconscious mind. Rather it concentrated on behavior that could observed.
But How Did Behaviorism Come To Be ?? It all started when a Russian scientist, Ivan Pavlov, was conducting a research on the digestive systems of dogs. He realized through his research that behaviors could be conditioned through the process of conditioned associations. Pavlov showed the world that behaviors could be learned when animals made an association between the environmental stimulus and naturally present stimulus.
Very soon an American psychologist, John B Watson, became a stronger believer of behaviorism and started advocating it. He outlined the basic principles of this school of thought in a paper entitled Psychology as the Behaviorist View It and this paper was published in 1913. He then wrote a book entitled Behaviorism where he defined this branch of psychology and the book was published in 1924.
The impact of behaviorism was great and it became highly dominant part of psychology for the next 50 years. A psychologist named B.F. Skinner used the principles of behavior and showed how punishment and reward could influence behavior, giving this school of thought more meaning and mileage.
The basic principles of behaviorism are still used even today in psychology. Many therapeutic techniques are used to teach new skills to children and to help overcome certain behavioral problems that come from being unable to adapt to situations. Behaviorism is also used as an integral part of being a parent and in educating children in schools.
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